lsnrctl start 开启端口监听 
sqlplus '/as sysdba' 进入数据库
startup 开启
shutdown immediate 关闭数据库

注意环境变量:
~/.bash_profile
/etc/profile

报错
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: ???????????????? '/opt/app/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/initXATDY.ora'

cp /opt/app/oracle/admin/XATDY/pfile/init.ora.01201423463 /opt/app/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/initXATDY.ora